Miami-Dade WASD · Biscayne Aquifer groundwater
Miami, FL tap water quality
Miami's tap water scores 62 out of 100 on published data, a middling result: legal on every reported measure, but with readings above health-based guidance. EPA's UCMR 5 monitoring detected PFAS (6:2 FTS 190 ppt); lead measured 3.2 ppb at the 90th percentile against a 15 ppb action level.
Every figure, with its benchmark
Subscores run from 100 at the health benchmark to 0 at the legal limit. The city score is the weighted average of the 6 inputs published for this system.
| Measure | Result | Health benchmark | Legal limit | Subscore | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | 3.2 ppb 2023 (report footnote for Main System LCR value) | 1 | 15 | 84 | Utility report |
| TTHMs | 50 ppb | 15 | 80 | 46 | Utility report |
| HAA5 | 34 ppb | 15 | 60 | 58 | Utility report |
| Arsenic | 0.6–1 ppb | 1 | 10 | 100 | Utility report |
| Nitrate | 0.01–0.3 ppm | 5 | 10 | 100 | Utility report |
| PFAS | 6:2 FTS 190 ppt | non-detect | any | 25 | EPA UCMR 5 |
Is there PFAS in Miami's water?
Yes. EPA's UCMR 5 monitoring detected PFAS in Miami's system. The compounds and levels recorded were: 6:2 FTS 190; PFHxA 58; PFPeA 56; PFOS 33 parts per trillion. For context, EPA's enforceable limits for PFOA and PFOS are 4 ppt each, phased in through 2029; several other compounds have no federal limit yet.
How much lead is in Miami's tap water?
Miami's most recent lead 90th-percentile result is 3.2 ppb. That means nine in ten sampled homes measured at or below that level, and it is a summary figure, not the maximum any single household saw. The federal action level is 15 ppb, but that is a trigger for utility action, not a health threshold: no level of lead exposure is considered safe (EPA, CDC), and lead almost always enters through household plumbing and service lines rather than the treatment plant.
Is Miami tap water safe to drink?
Miami's water meets federal legal standards on the measures its utility reports. We score it 62 out of 100 against health-based guidance, which is stricter than the legal minimum by design. Those are two different questions, and most coverage collapses them: a supply can be entirely lawful and still carry readings above the level health researchers would prefer. This score answers the second question, and the table above shows exactly which measure moved it.
Has Miami's water been in violation?
EPA's compliance record shows 26 violations for this system, none of them health-based. Health-based violations are the ones where a contaminant exceeded a legal limit or treatment failed; the rest are monitoring and reporting failures, which matter but describe paperwork rather than water. The most recent entry dates from 2023.
What can you do about it?
If lead is the concern here, the fix is almost never the treatment plant: it's the service line and the plumbing inside the building. Running the tap for thirty seconds after long stagnation, using cold water for drinking and cooking, and asking your utility whether your address has a lead service line are all free. A filter certified to NSF/ANSI 53 for lead is the next step. If PFAS is the concern, NSF/ANSI 53 does not cover it: look for NSF/ANSI 58 reverse osmosis or a filter specifically certified under NSF/ANSI 53 for PFOA and PFOS reduction.
Compare Miami with the rest
Fifty of the largest US systems, scored the same way, every figure cited.